| 86th United States Congress | |||
United States Capitol (1956) |
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| Duration: January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961 | |||
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| Senate President: | Richard Nixon | ||
| Senate Pres. pro tem: | Carl Hayden | ||
| House Speaker: | Sam Rayburn | ||
| Members: | 96 (then increasing to 100) Senators 435 (then temporarily increasing to 437) Representatives |
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| Senate Majority: | Democratic Party | ||
| House Majority: | Democratic Party | ||
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| Sessions | |||
| 1st: January 7, 1959 – September 15, 1959 2nd: January 6, 1960 – September 1, 1960 |
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The Eighty-sixth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1959 to January 3, 1961, during the last two years of Dwight Eisenhower's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Seventeenth Census of the United States in 1950. Both chambers had a Democratic majority. When Alaska and Hawaii were admitted as states in 1959, the membership of the House temporarily increased to 437 (seating one member from each of those newly-admitted states and leaving the apportionment of the other 435 seats unchanged); it would remain at 437 until reapportionment resulting from the 1960 census.
TOTAL members: 100
TOTAL members: 437. The increase over the usual 435 members was due to the admission of Alaska and Hawaii, whose seats were temporary until reapportionment following the 1960 Census.
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
| State (class) |
Former senator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
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| Hawaii (1) |
New seats | Hawaii achieved statehood August 21, 1959. | Hiram Fong (R) | August 21, 1959 |
| Hawaii (2) |
Oren E. Long (D) | |||
| North Dakota (1) |
William Langer (R) | Died November 8, 1959 | Clarence N. Brunsdale (R) | November 19, 1959 |
| Oregon (2) |
Richard L. Neuberger (D) | Died March 9, 1960 | Hall S. Lusk (D) | March 16, 1960 |
| North Dakota (1) |
Clarence N. Brunsdale (R) | Successor elected August 7, 1960. | Quentin N. Burdick (D) | August 8, 1960 |
| Missouri (3) |
Thomas C. Hennings, Jr. (D) | Died September 13, 1960 | Edward V. Long (D) | September 23, 1960 |
| Oregon (2) |
Hall S. Lusk (D) | Successor elected November 8, 1960 | Maurine Brown Neuberger (D) | November 9, 1960 |
| Massachusetts (1) |
John F. Kennedy (D) | Resigned December 22, 1960 after being elected President of the United States | Benjamin A. Smith II (D) | December 27, 1960 |
| District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
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| Missouri 4th | George H. Christopher (D) | Died January 23, 1959 | William J. Randall (D) | March 3, 1959 |
| New York 43rd | Daniel A. Reed (R) | Died February 19, 1959 | Charles Goodell (R) | May 26, 1959 |
| Ohio 6th | James G. Polk (D) | Died April 28, 1959 | Ward Miller (R) | November 8, 1960 |
| Hawaii Territory At-large | John A. Burns (D) | Hawaii achieved statehood. | Seat eliminated August 21, 1959 | |
| Hawaii At-large | New seat | Hawaii achieved statehood August 21, 1959 | Daniel Inouye (D) | August 21, 1959 |
| Illinois 12th | Charles A. Boyle (D) | Died November 4, 1959 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
| Iowa 4th | Steven V. Carter (D) | Died November 4, 1959 | John H. Kyl (R) | December 15, 1959 |
| Pennsylvania 17th | Alvin Bush (R) | Died November 5, 1959 | Herman T. Schneebeli (R) | April 26, 1960 |
| New York 23rd | Isidore Dollinger (D) | Resigned December 31, 1959 | Jacob H. Gilbert (D) | March 8, 1960 |
| Pennsylvania 18th | Richard M. Simpson (R) | Died January 7, 1960 | Douglas H. Elliott (R) | April 26, 1960 |
| North Carolina 12th | David M. Hall (D) | Died January 29, 1960 | Roy A. Taylor (D) | June 25, 1960 |
| Washington 3rd | Russell V. Mack (R) | Died March 28, 1960 | Julia Butler Hansen (D) | November 8, 1960 |
| Pennsylvania 18th | Douglas H. Elliott (R) | Died June 19, 1960 | J. Irving Whalley (R) | November 8, 1960 |
| North Dakota At-large | Quentin N. Burdick (D) | Resigned August 8, 1960 after becoming US Senator | Vacant | Not filled this term |
| Massachusetts 5th | Edith Nourse Rogers (R) | Died September 10, 1960 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
| Wyoming At-large | Edwin K. Thomson (R) | Died December 9, 1960 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
| New York 5th | Albert H. Bosch (R) | Resigned December 31, 1960 after being elected judge of Court of Queens County | Vacant | Not filled this term |
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